{"id":1412,"date":"2020-07-31T11:02:25","date_gmt":"2020-07-31T09:02:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.comll.cat\/manipulacio-de-mostres-quan-el-ressentiment-i-el-despit-configuren-un-delicte\/"},"modified":"2022-03-29T19:35:33","modified_gmt":"2022-03-29T17:35:33","slug":"manipulacio-de-mostres-quan-el-ressentiment-i-el-despit-configuren-un-delicte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.comll.cat\/es\/manipulacio-de-mostres-quan-el-ressentiment-i-el-despit-configuren-un-delicte\/","title":{"rendered":"Manipulaci\u00f3 de mostres. Quan el ressentiment i el despit configuren un delicte."},"content":{"rendered":"

\"manipulacio\u0301-mostres\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

J. Corbella i Duch<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dr. en Dret, Advocat<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

En l\u2019\u00e0mbit de la sanitat la majoria de condemnes penals sancionen actuacions imprudents o negligents, i trobem poques condemnes per actuacions doloses o intencionals. Per aix\u00f2, tot hom es fixa amb les\u00a0<\/span>que publiquen els\u00a0<\/span>repertoris<\/span>\u00a0de jurisprud\u00e8ncia.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Des d\u2019aquesta perspectiva, tenint en compte la singularitat del cas, comentar\u00e9 la sent\u00e8ncia dictada pel Tribunal Suprem el 14 de gener de 2020, confirmant la condemna d\u2019una t\u00e8cnica de laboratori d\u2019un hospital de Saragossa per un delicte de risc, a la pena de 2 anys de pres\u00f3, 12 mesos de multa de 8 \u20ac\/dia, i 6 anys d\u2019inhabilitaci\u00f3, i per un altre delicte de falsedat, a la pena de 3 anys de pres\u00f3, 6 mesos de multa de 8 \u20ac\/dia, i 4 anys d\u2019inhabilitaci\u00f3<\/span>, mes indemnitzacions als perjudicats<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Sumant-ho tot, resulta un total, 5 anys de pres\u00f3, 18 mesos de multa, i 10 anys d\u2019inhabilitaci\u00f3. I tot a conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia d\u2019un disgust pel trasllat a un altre lloc de treball, que seguidament es transforma en un fort empipament i en un ressentiment, que genera una resposta per despit, totalment equivocada.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Els fets<\/span>, recollits aqu\u00ed resumidament,<\/span>\u00a0comencen amb l\u2019ordre de trasllat de la t\u00e8cnica superior de laboratori des de la secci\u00f3 de\u00a0<\/span>Micobact\u00e8ries<\/span>\u00a0a la secci\u00f3 Genito-<\/span>Urinaria<\/span>\u00a0del mateix hospital, i del mateix laboratori, que s\u2019havia de fer el dia 4 de mar\u00e7 de 2016. I la sent\u00e8ncia dona per provat que la treballadora es va manifestar en contra i enutjada per l\u2019ordre rebuda,\u00a0<\/span>perque<\/span>\u00a0estava mol a gust en\u00a0<\/span>Micobacteries<\/span>\u00a0on tenia una relaci\u00f3 de confian\u00e7a i d\u2019amistat molt estreta amb el facultatiu responsable de la mateixa.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Per aquest motiu, guiada pel ressentiment i el despit<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/b>el mateix 4 de mar\u00e7 de 2016, aprofitant que estava sola,\u00a0<\/span>decideix manipular les mostres que entraven a la secci\u00f3 en el seu darrer dia de treball, amb la inoculaci\u00f3 de l\u00edquid procedent d\u2019una\u00a0<\/span>soca de tuberculosi, que tenia el laboratori com a\u00a0<\/span>mostra de control\u00a0<\/span>tramesa per la OMS.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Es van registrar set falsos resultats positius de tuberculosi, que es van considerar com a accidentals, per contaminaci\u00f3 creuada, at\u00e8s que els malalts presentaven una cl\u00edni<\/span>c<\/span>a que no es corresponia amb els resultats.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

El 2 d\u2019abril, aprofitant que un despla\u00e7ament a la secci\u00f3 de\u00a0<\/span>Micobact\u00e8ries<\/span>\u00a0per a fer una tint de \u201c<\/span>Zhiel<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Neelsen<\/span>\u201d en una mostra, contamina altres mostre<\/span>s i vials cl\u00ednics, fora de les zones de seguretat emparades per les campanes extractores, creant una situaci\u00f3 de risc de contagi\u00a0 propi i dels dem\u00e9s treballadors de la secci\u00f3.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

El 16 de maig intercanvia les etiquetes del tub de mostres d\u2019un pacient amb les d\u2019un altre, que havia donat positiu al \u201c<\/span>Neisseria<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Gonorrhoeae<\/span>\u201d, i per aquest motiu\u00a0 es va donar un fals positiu a la primera, i es va donar com a negatiu al malalt que, realment, estava afectat, la qual cosa determina l\u2019aplicaci\u00f3 d\u2019un tractament amb antibi\u00f2tic,\u00a0<\/span>ceftriaxona<\/span>\u00a0i\u00a0<\/span>azitromizina<\/span>\u00a0 a una pacient gestant de 26 setmanes, que presentava el fals positiu.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Posteriorment, quan l\u2019acusada \u00e9s detinguda, portava en la seva bossa de m\u00e0 les etiquetes\u00a0<\/span>que identificaven els\u00a0<\/span>corresponents tubs de les mostres<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Un dels malalts amb fals positius de tuberculosi, a mes de la natural preocupaci\u00f3 pel diagn\u00f2stic, fou ingressat durant cinc dies a l\u2019hospital, i sotm\u00e8s a tractament farmacol\u00f2gics, mentre es practicaven proves de \u201c<\/span>Mantoux<\/span>\u201d als seus familiars<\/span>. Per aquets motius, angoixa, hospitalitzaci\u00f3 i tractament innecessari, el Tribunal considera que els pacient afectats van tenir perjudicis, i reconeix a favor seu una indemnitzaci\u00f3<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Davant dels fets que el Tribunal considera provats (exposat de forma resumida en el par\u00e0grafs anteriors), la defensa fonamenta els successius recursos en la legalitat de la prova indici\u00e0ria at\u00e8s que no hi ha cap prova directa de la manipulaci\u00f3 de les mostres imputada a la treballadora del laboratori. Dit d\u2019una altra manera. Com que ning\u00fa va veure qui i com es feia la manipulaci\u00f3 i inoculaci\u00f3 de soques de tuberculosi de les mostres, l\u2019argument de la defensa consisteix a negar l\u2019autoria i impugnar la legalitat de la prova indiciaria.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ara no farem pas un an\u00e0lisi de l\u2019argumentaci\u00f3 jur\u00eddica sobre els elements i requisits que cal tenir en compte per a treure conclusions at\u00e8s que\u00a0<\/span>s\u2019adiu<\/span>\u00a0mes amb la t\u00e8cnica jur\u00eddica del proc\u00e9s que, amb l\u2019\u00e0mbit d\u2019actuaci\u00f3 de la medicina i de les ci\u00e8ncies de la salut.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Si que ens queda, per\u00f2<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0la possibilitat de fer unes breus consideracions sobre el comportament de la t\u00e8cnica de laboratori condemnada que\u00a0<\/span>evidencia un plantejament equivocat respecte de les obligacions derivades del contracte de treball. La manipulaci\u00f3 de les mostres, en primer lloc, palesa un greu\u00a0<\/span>menysteniment<\/span>\u00a0de la vida, integritat i salut dels malalts que resulten afectats pels falsos positius, que ocasionen\u00a0<\/span>ingressos en centres sanitaris i tractaments\u00a0<\/span>farmacol<\/span>\u00f2gics innecessaris.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Segonament, i pel que fa amb els efectes de les manipulacions sobre el funcionaments del laboratori i la qualitat dels resultats de les anal\u00edtiques, resulta una disfunci\u00f3 important a partir de la qual es generen tota mena d\u2019hip\u00f2tesis i de sospites, imposant un seguit de verificacions amb la correlativa despesa de temps i de recursos.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

La treballadora, en el seu moment, no accepta sortir de la seva situaci\u00f3 de confort, i en lloc de buscar arguments que li ajudin a assumir la nova situaci\u00f3, inicia un seguit d\u2019actuacions que nom\u00e9s tenen per finalitat causar un mal als companys de feina i al sistema sa<\/span>nitari.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tenint en compte aquest comportament podem entendre millor les penes imposades, i especialment, la de inhabilitaci\u00f3 per a exercir la professi\u00f3.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

J. Corbella i Duch Dr. en Dret, Advocat\u00a0 En l\u2019\u00e0mbit de la sanitat la majoria de condemnes penals sancionen actuacions...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1413,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1412","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nManipulaci\u00f3 de mostres. 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